MILITARY AND WAR HISTORY MUSEUM

      Središte za međunarodne vojne operacije ustrojeno je 1. ožujka 2001., sa zadaćom provođenja obuke pripadnika OSRH za sudjelovanje u međunarodnim vojnim operacijama i ostalim međunarodnim aktivnostima. Od ustrojavanja Središta do današnjeg dana razvijeno je devet različitih tečajeva i uvježbano je više od 750 dočasnika i časnika; od toga 84 pripadnika stranih oružanih snaga. Na posljednjem tečaju radiokomunikacija, koji je ujedno uvršten i u EAPWP program, od ukupno 19 polaznika, čak ih je devetoro bilo iz stranih oružanih snaga. Nadalje, Središte pruža i stručnu potporu u obuci postrojbi i sudjeluje u ocjenjivanju uvježbanosti postrojbi za sudjelovanje u međunarodnim operacijama.

      The Center for International Military Operations was established on March 1, 2001, with the task of training CAF members to participate in international military operations and other international activities. Since the establishment of the Center to date, numerous different courses have been developed and more than 1000 NCOs and officers have been trained; of which more than 100 are members of the foreign armed forces. At the last radio communications course, which was also included in the EAPWP program, out of a total of 19 participants, as many as nine were from foreign armed forces. Furthermore, the Center provides expert support in the training of units and participates in the assessment of the training of units for participation in international operations.

Prilog 2.

      Oznaka za službenu odoru, tkana ili vezena u stvarnim bojama, izrađuje se u veličini 55x70 mm. Zastava unutar oznake je veličine 33x66 mm. Slova natpisa »HRVATSKA« i »CROATIA« su u fontu ARIAL visine 8 mm, bijele boje na zelenoj podlozi. Oznaka je obrubljena zlatnim rubom.

      Oznaka za prikrivnu odoru, tkana je ili vezena u bojama prikrivne odore, a izrađuje se u veličini 55x70 mm. Zastava unutar oznake je veličine 33x66 mm. Slova natpisa »HRVATSKA« i »CROATIA« su u fontu ARIAL visine 8 mm.

      Vojna promatračka grupa UN-a u Indiji i Pakistanu (United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan (UNMOGIP)) na terenu počinje s radom početkom 1949. godine u državama Džamu i Kašmir. Cilj im je bio nadgledati prekid vatre između Indije i Pakistana te pomoći Vojnom savjetniku u UNCIP-u, Komisiji UN-a za Indiju i Pakistan osnovanu 1948. g. rezolucijama Vijeća sigurnosti 39. i 47. iz 1948. Radi novih sukoba 1971. god. i primirja potpisanog 17.12.1971. UNMOGIP ponovo nadzire provođenje primirja i o tome izvještava Generalnog sekretara. Kako dolazi do razmirica među Indijom i Pakistanom oko uloge UNMOGIP-a (mandata i funkcije) Generalni sekretar odlučuje da misija može biti prekinuta jedino odlukom Vijeća sigurnosti. Kako do toga nije došlo, misija i dalje traje pod istim mandatom i danas.

      The first team of unarmed military observers, who eventually formed the nucleus of the United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan (UNMOGIP), arrived in the mission area in January 1949 to supervise, in the State of Jammu and Kashmir, the ceasefire between India and Pakistan; and to assist the Military Adviser to the United Nations Commission for India and Pakistan (UNCIP), established in 1948 by Security Council resolutions 39 (1948) and 47 (1948). Following the India-Pakistan hostilities at the end of 1971 and a subsequent ceasefire agreement of 17 December of that year, the tasks of UNMOGIP have been to observe, to the extent possible, developments pertaining to the strict observance of the ceasefire of 17 December 1971 and to report thereon to the Secretary-General. Given the disagreement between India and Pakistan about UNMOGIP’s mandate and functions, the Secretary-General’s position has been that UNMOGIP can only be terminated by a decision of the Security Council. In the absence of such a decision, UNMOGIP has been maintained with those same arrangements since then.

MULTINATIONAL CORPS NORTH EAST  MULTINACIONALNI KOPUS SJEVERO-ISTOK

      1997. ministri obrane Danske, Njemačke i Poljske odlučili su osnovati dansko-njemačko-poljski korpus. Ovaj je korpus trebao dobiti naziv Multinacionalni korpus Sjeveroistok (Multinational Corps Northeast, MNC NE). Multinacionalni korpus Sjeveroistok formiran je 18. rujna 1999. u Szczecinu u Poljskoj, koji je postao njegovo sjedište. Razvio se iz dugogodišnjeg jedinog multinacionalnog korpusa u NATO-u, savezničkih kopnenih snaga Schleswig-Holstein i Jutland (LANDJUT). Trinacionalna radna skupina osnovana je nakon odluke iz srpnja 1997. da Poljska treba biti primljena u NATO. Multinacionalni korpus Sjeveroistok ima ključnu funkciju u integraciji novih država članica NATO-a.

      In July 1997, Ministers of Defence of Denmark, Germany and Poland decided to establish a Danish-German-Polish Corps. This corps was to be named Multinational Corps Northeast. Multinational Corps Northeast was formed on 18 September 1999 at Szczecin, Poland, which became its headquarters. It evolved from what was for many years the only multinational corps in NATO, Allied Land Forces Schleswig-Holstein and Jutland  (LANDJUT). A tri-national working group was established following the July 1997 decision that Poland was to be admitted to NATO. Multinational Corps North East has a key function in the integration of new NATO member states.

Multinacionalni korpus Sjeveroistok

Multinacionalni korpus Sjeveroistok

Multinacionalni korpus Sjeveroistok

      Od 2004. godine članice postaju Estonija, Latvija i Litva. 2005. Slovačka, Češka - 2005. SAD 2006., 2008. Rumunjska. Slovenija je 2009. godine ušla u obitelj MNC NE. U siječnju 2012. Hrvatska je službeno postala dvanaesta nacija Korpusa. U srpnju 2013. Mađarska i 2014. Švedska, koja nije članica NATO-a, poslale su svog predstavnika u Baltičku vojarnu. Godine 2015. turski, britanski, francuski i nizozemski časnici započeli su svoju dužnost u Szczecinu. Kanada, Island, Belgija, Norveška i Grčka pridružile su se Korpusu 2016. godine.

      Since 2004, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania become members. In 2005, Slovakia,  the Czech Republic - in 2005. The US in 2006, in 2008, Romania. In 2009, Slovenia entered the MNC NE family. In January 2012, Croatia officially became the twelfth nation of the Corps. In July 2013, Hungary and in 2014 Sweden, a non-NATO member, sent its representative to the Baltic Barracks. In 2015 Turkish, British, French and Dutch officers started their tours of duty in Szczecin. Canada, Iceland, Belgium, Norway and Greece joined the Corps in 2016.

      Međunarodne snage za pomoć u uvođenju sigurnosti u Afganistanu su misija pod vodstvom NATO pakta, a u skladu sa rezolucijom Vijeća sigurnosti Ujedinjenih naroda broj 1386 od 20.12.2001. godine. NATO je uključen u rat u Afganistanu od 2001. godine do 2021. ISAF je prvobitno bio zadužen za osiguranje Kabula i okolice od talibana, al Kaide i ratnih vođa, kako bi omogućili stvaranje Afganistanske prelazne administracije predvođene Hamidom Karzaijem. 2003. Vijeće sigurnosti UN-a proširuje misiju ISAF na cijeli teritorij Afganistana, što se provodi u četiri glavne faze. Od 2006. ISAF se jače angažira u borbenim operacijama na jugu zemlje, a to se nastavlja i kroz 2007 i 2008. godinu. Napadi na ISAF jačaju  u drugim dijelovima zemlje.

      The International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) is a NATO-led security mission in Afghanistan established by the United Nations Security Council on 20 December 2001 by Resolution 1386 as envisaged by the Bonn agreement. It is engaged in the War in Afghanistan from 2001 to 2021. ISAF was initially charged with securing Kabul and surrounding areas from the Taliban, al Qaeda and factional warlords, so as to allow for the establishment of the Afghan Transitional Administration headed by Hamid Karzai. In October 2003, the UN Security Council authorized the expansion of the ISAF mission throughout Afghanistan, and ISAF subsequently expanded the mission in four main stages over the whole of the country. Since 2006, ISAF has been involved in more intensive combat operations in southern Afghanistan, a tendency which continued in 2007 and 2008. Attacks on ISAF in other parts of Afghanistan are also mounting.

      Glavni zadaće Provincijskog rekonstrukcijskog tima (Provincial Reconstruction Team - PRT) su podrška vladinim i sigurnosnim organima. Pripadnici timova za vezu mađarskog PRT  se kreću unutar svoje zone odgovornosti. Glavni zadaci su im pregpvpri sa lokalnim vođama te prikupljanje informacija. Uz mađarske snage, kao vodeće u Provincijskom rekonstrukcijskom timu u provinciji Baglan su angažirani i pripadnici albanskih, hrvatskih i crnogorskih snaga.

      One of the core missions of the HDF Provincial Reconstruction Team is to support governmental and security organs. The HUN PRT Liaison Teams (LT) move around the districts in the area of responsibility of the contingent. Their main tasks include participation in negotiations with local leaders, and gathering information about the region. With Hungarian as leading country in team are soldiers from Albania, Croatia and Montenegro.

      The leading country in the Regional Command West is Italy, which forces are based on members of the MLF's multinational brigade that consists of Italian, Slovenian and Hungarian units, again led by Italians, with units from other countries. For example, the Spaniards are leaders in the provincial Qala-E-Now reconstruction team, the Lithuanians in Changhcharan and the Italians in Herat. Along with all of them, there are also members of the armed forces of other countries (41).

      Ojačana prednja prisutnost (Enhanced Forward Presence EFP) je NATO saveznička vojna snaga za obranu i odvraćanje u srednjoj i sjevernoj Europi. Ovakav stav u srednjoj Europi kroz Poljsku i sjevernoj Europi kroz Estoniju, Latviju i Litvu je na snazi ​​kako bi se zaštitila sigurnost država članica NATO-a srednje i sjeverne Europe na istočnom krilu NATO-a. Države članice NATO-a dogovorile su se na summitu u Varšavi 2016. da proslijede četiri multinacionalne borbene skupine u područjima koja će najvjerojatnije biti napadnuta.

      Enhanced Forward Presence (EFP) is a NATO-allied forward-deployed defense and deterrence military force in Central and Northern Europe. This posture in Central Europe through Poland and Northern Europe through Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, is in place in order to protect and reassure the security of NATO's Central and Northern European member states on NATO's eastern flank. NATO's member states agreed at the 2016 Warsaw summit to forward deploy four multinational battalion battle groups to areas most likely to get attacked.

      Hrvatska vojska aktualno sudjeluje u NATO-voj misiji ojačane prednje prisutnosti (eFP – enhanced Forward Presence) na ruskoj granici u Litvi, sa četom mehanizirane pješadije koju će se u perspektivi pojačati sa 188 na 200 vojnika. Sudjeluje u istoj takvoj misiji u Poljskoj sa baterijom raketnih lansera i 80 vojnika, u perspektivi sa dalekometnom samohodnom artiljerijom i sa 90 ljudi.

      The Croatian Army is currently participating in NATO's enhanced Forward Presence (eFP) mission on the Russian border in Lithuania, with a company of mechanized infantry that will be reinforced in the future from 188 to 200 soldiers. The Croatian Army participates in the same mission in Poland with a battery of rocket launchers and 80 soldiers, in perspective with long-range self-propelled artillery and 90 people.

      Kombinirani poduhvat (Combined Endeavour) je godišnja dvotjedna vježba koju sponzorira Europsko zapovjedništvo SAD-a. Osmišljen je za rješavanje problema komunikacije i interoperabilnosti mreže između Sjedinjenih Država, drugih zemalja NATO-a i raznih zemalja Partnerstva za mir. Dužnosnici dokumentiraju svaku tehničku grešku na koju su naišli i rješenje otkriveno tijekom više od 3000 provedenih testova. Zatim distribuiraju ono što se zove "Vodič za interoperabilnost" za nacije kako bi ga koristili za buduću upotrebu.

      Combined Endeavor is an annual two-week exercise sponsored by the U.S. European Command. It is designed to iron out communications and network interoperability issues between the United States, other NATO nations and various Partnership for Peace countries. Officials document every technical glitch encountered and solution discovered during the more than 3,000 tests conducted. Then they distribute what is called an "Interoperability Guide" for the nations to use for future reference.

OPERATION "INHERENT RESOLVE" OPERACIJA "NASLIJEĐENA ODLUČNOST"

      Operacija "Naslijeđena odlučnost" (Inherent Resolve OIR) naziv je američke vojne operacije za međunarodnu vojnu intervenciju protiv ISIL-a, uključujući kampanje u Iraku i Siriji, s usko povezanom kampanjom u Libiji. Borbene kopnene jedinice, uglavnom specijalne snage i artiljerija, također su raspoređene, posebice u Iraku. Od zračnih napada, 75-80% izvela je vojska Sjedinjenih Država, a ostalih 20-25% Ujedinjeno Kraljevstvo, Francuska, Turska, Kanada, Nizozemska, Danska, Belgija, Saudijska Arabija, Ujedinjeni Arapi Emirati, Australiju i Jordan.

      Operation Inherent Resolve (OIR) is the U.S. military operation name for the International military intervention against ISIL, including campaigns in Iraq and Syria, with a closely-related campaign in Lybia.  Combat ground troops, mostly special forces and artillery, have also been deployed, especially in Iraq. Of the airstrikes, 75–80% have been conducted by the military of the United States, with the other 20–25% by the United Kingdom, France, Turkey, Canada, the Netherlands, Denmark, Belgium, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Australia and Jordan.

      Na izvezenoj oznaci okruglog oblika promjera 3 inča (7,62 cm) nalaze se zeleni palmin vijenac i dvije dijagonalno ukrštene sablje s bijelim oštricama i zlatnim drškama i štitnicima koji sa vrhovima prema gore nadvisuju podnožje palminog vijenca. Između oštrica su tri žute petokrake zvijezde i sve je okružene tamnoplavim rubom od 1/8 inča (0,32 cm). Palmin vijenac je simbol časti; sablje ukazuju na dvostruku prirodu koalicije - poraz ISIL-a i obnovu stabilnosti na tom području. Tri zvjezdice označavaju zapovijed i zlatno su obojene zbog izvrsnosti. Plava boja označava kopnene, morske i zračne komponente vojske. Moto misije je: Jedna misija, mnogi narodi.

      On a buff circular shaped embroidered item 3 inches (7.62 cm) in diameter, a green palm wreath with the yellow hand guards and pommels of two diagonally crossed scimitars surmounting the base of the palm wreath with white blades, points up, between the blades three yellow five pointed stars, all encircled by a dark blue 1/8 inch (.32 cm) border.  The palm wreath is a symbol of honor; the scimitars indicate the dual nature of the coalition-the defeat of ISIL and the restoration of stability to the area.  The three stars indicate the command and are colored gold for excellence.  Buff and flag blue denote the land, sea and air components of the military. Motto of the mission is: One Mission, Many Nations.

     Republika Hrvatska se koaliciji priključuje u rujnu 2014., dok su se OSRH uključile u rujnu 2017. Odlukom Hrvatskog sabora odobreno je slanje 3 pripadnika u Kuvajt tijekom 2017. i 2018. godine. Odlukom Sabora od 12. Srpnja 2019. da se u operaciju Koalicijskih snaga pod vodstvom SAD-a upute tijekom 2020.i 2021. godine uputi do 3 pripadnika OSRH-a.    

      The Republic of Croatia joined the coalition in September 2014, while the Armed Forces joined in September 2017. The decision of the Croatian Parliament approved the sending of 3 members to Kuwait during 2017 and 2018. The decision of the Parliament of July 12, 2019 to send up to 3 members of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Croatia to the US-led Coalition Forces operation in 2020 and 2021.

EU BATTLEGROUP  BORBENE GRUPE EVROPSKE UNIJE

      Borbene grupe Evropske Unije (European Union Battlegroup EUBG) su vojne jedinice sastavljene u skladu sa programon Zajedničke sigurnosne i obrambene politike (Common Security and Defence Policy CSDP) Evropske Unije. Zasnovane na doprinosima zemalja članica, svaka od 18 borbenih grupa sastoji se od formacije veličine bataljona (najmanje 1500 vojnika) ojačanih elementima borbene podrške. Grupe se redovno rotiraju pa su tako po dvije aktivne u svakom momentu. Ove snage su pod direktnom kontrolom Vijeća Evropske Unije (Council of the European Union). Svoju punu borbenu pripremljenost su postigle 01. 01. 2007. godine, ali do danas nisu učestvovale u borbenim akcijama. Grupe bi trebale biti raspoređene u zone borbenog djelovanja za 5-10 dana i trebale bi biti sposobne samostalno djelovati do 30 dana, a nakon dodatnog snadbijevanja do 120 dana. Ove se grupe smatraju najmanjom samodovoljnom vojnom jedinicom sposobnom za djelovanje u zoni operacija.

COMBAT SERVICE SUPPORT BATTALION

Bataljon borbene podrške

      An EU Battlegroup (EUBG) is a military unit adhering to the Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) of the European Union (EU). Often based on contributions from a coalition of member states, each of the eighteen Battlegroups consists of a battalion-sized force (1,500 troops) reinforced with combat support elements. The groups rotate actively, so that two are ready for deployment at all times. The forces are under the direct control of the Council of the European Union. The Battlegroups reached full operational capacity on 1 January 2007, although, as of January 2013 they are yet to see any military action. The groups are intended to be deployed on the ground within 5–10 days of approval from the Council. It must be sustainable for at least 30 days, which could be extended to 120 days, if resupplied. A Battlegroup is considered to be the smallest self-sufficient military unit that can be deployed and sustained in a theatre of operation.